滇南彝族乐作舞类型与要素及其文化意蕴与风格动律

Research on the Types,Movements,Musical and Cultural Implications on Lezuo Dance of Southern Yi People in Yunnan

乐作舞是滇南彝族地区流传较广、表演形式多样而又最为普及的一种自娱性的民间传统舞蹈,并在长期发展中融入到民间信仰奉祀和丧葬礼仪及青年男女恋爱婚姻生活中。滇南彝族乐作舞虽有红河元阳、石屏峨山、弥勒泸西等三大类型,但围圆跳舞、拍掌定调、三步动律、循循善诱等是乐作舞的基本要素,具有表征原始农耕、狩猎渔集、民间信仰、青年男女恋爱婚姻及日常生活等文化意蕴,并在具体的表演中凸显古朴浑厚、凝重沉稳、外柔内刚的整体特征,也表现了下稳上活、稳而不僵、活而不浮的基本动律特点。但不论跳何调的乐作舞,皆边舞边唱,并围成圆圈,以此反映彝族以熊熊燃烧的篝火为向心的民族凝聚力,象征吉祥如意,团结和睦。

Lezuo dance is one of the most widely distributed and popular dances in the southern Yi people area of Yunnan.After a long period of development,it gradually extended to religious sacrifices,funeral rites and young people's marriage and love life.There are three styles of Lezuo dance,such as hongyuan style,shie style,milustyle.Although each of the three styles has its own characteristics,it is consistent with the basic elements,such as the circle,the clapping,the three step rhythm,and so on.These dances reproduce the living scenes of the ancestors'crop production,faith practice and marriage and life,and highlight the general characteristics of simplicity,stability and external flexibility.At the same time,it also highlights the flexibility of the lower body,steady and not rigid,flexible and not impetuous movement characteristics.Finally,dance in the form of a circle and dance,which is a symbol of a nation's longing for unity and harmony and a better life.