弹力带抗阻运动对老年脑小血管病伴步态障碍患者姿势稳定性及下肢力量的影响

Effect of elastic band resistance exercise on postural stability and lower limb strength in elderly patients with cerebral small-vessel disease and gait disorder

目的制定符合老年脑小血管病(cerebral small-vessel disease,CSVD)伴步态障碍患者弹力带抗阻运动方案,评价其对患者姿势稳定性及下肢力量的影响。方法便利选取南宁市某三级甲等综合医院老年神经内科2021年2月至2022年2月收治80例的老年CSVD伴步态障碍患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组,每组各40例。对照组患者给予常规治疗护理及步态康复锻炼,试验组在对照组基础上给予12w弹力带抗阻运动训练,比较两组患者的姿势稳定性(采用Tinetti平衡与步态总分、平衡得分、步态得分和起立-行走-计时测试时间评价)和下肢力量。结果干预后试验组患者的Tinetti平衡与步态总分、平衡得分、步态得分均高于对照组,起立-行走-计时测试时间少于对照组,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。干预后试验组患者的下肢力量优于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论弹力带抗阻运动不仅能提高老年CSVD伴步态障碍患者姿势稳定性,有效改善患者下肢力量,提高患者运动与平衡功能。

Objective The aim of this study was to establish a resistance exercise and to investigate the effect on postural stability and lower limb strength in elderly patients with small cerebral vascular disease and gait disorder.Methods This RCT consecutively enrolled 80 patients at a tertiary hospital from February 2021 to February 2022.Patients were randomly divided into a control group(with routine nursing care and gait rehabilitation exercise)and a trial group(with 12 weeks resistance exercise on top of the control group).Differences of postural stability by Tinetti performance oriented mobility assessment(Tinetti POMA),Timed Up&Go Test(TUGT)and lower limb strength by 5 times of sitting-standing test of the patients between groups were analysed.Results After 12 weeks of intervention,it was found that the total Tinetti POMA scores,Balance scores and Gait scores in the trial group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The time of TUGT and 5 times of sitting-standing test in the trial group were less than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions Resistance exercise can not only improve the postural stability of elderly patients with small cerebral vascular disease,but also effectively improves the strength of lower limbs.It is clear that a resistance exercise could improve the movement and balance functions in elderly patients.