本科护生职业认同的潜在剖面分析及影响因素

Potential profile analysis and influencing factors of professional identity in undergraduate nursing students

目的基于潜在剖面分析本科护生职业认同的类别,并分析其特征差异和影响因素。方法于2022年2月至3月采用一般资料问卷、护生职业认同问卷和心理韧性量表对河南省235名本科护生进行问卷调查。结果本科护生职业认同类别可分为低认同—反思型(17.02%)、中等认同—现实型(54.47%)和高认同—自信型(28.51%)。选择护理专业的原因、对就业前景的看法和心理韧性是护生职业认同潜在剖面分类的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论本科护生职业认同存在异质性,分3个职业认同类型,护理教育者应注重不同护生职业认同特征,给予实施针对性的干预,从而提高其职业认同感。

Objective To explore the types of professional identity of undergraduate nursing students,and to analyse the differences in characteristics and influencing factors among them based on latent profile analysis.Method A convenience sampling method was used in a survey of 235 undergraduate nursing students in Henan province with general information questionnaire,professional identity questionnaire,and 10-item psychological toughness scale between February and March 2022.Results The professional identity of undergraduate nursing students were found to be"low identity-reflection type"(17.02%),"moderate identity-reality type"(54.47%)and"high identity-confidence type"(28.51%).Reasons for choosing nursing as a career,views on employment prospects and mental toughness were the predictors for potential profile classification of the professional identity(P<0.05).Conclusions Professional identity is heterogeneous among undergraduate nursing students and falls into three categories.Nursing teaching staff should pay attention to the characteristics of professional identity among the nursing students and implement targeted interventions so as to improve the professional identity of nursing students.