冻伤的病理机制及治疗研究进展

Progress on the pathological mechanism and treatment of frostbite

冻伤是机体暴露在极端寒冷环境下而发生的组织损伤,其病理机制复杂,目前尚未完全阐明。高寒高海拔地区,户外运动者遭受损伤的风险较高,严重冻伤具有较高的致残、致死率,探究冻伤的病理机制有助于确定治疗手段和时机。目前临床治疗冻伤,以对症治疗为主,如药物治疗、手术治疗,疗效尚不能满足临床需求,因此寻求更为高效的药品或治疗手段具有重要的意义。本文综述了近年来冻伤病理生理机制、临床治疗、细胞和分子途径研究等方面的相关研究进展,以期为未来研究方向及临床治疗提供新的思路。

Frostbite is a tissue injury that occurs when the body is exposed to extreme cold.Its pathological mechanism is complex and has not been fully elucidated.In high cold and high altitude areas,outdoor sports people have a high risk of injury,and severe frostbite has high disability and mortality.Exploring the pathological mechanism of frostbite is helpful to determine the treatment methods and timing.At present,the clinical treatment of frostbite is mainly symptomatic treatment,such as drug treatment and surgical treatment,but the curative effect can not meet the clinical needs.Therefore,it is of great significance to seek more efficient drugs or treatment methods.This article reviews the relevant research progress in pathophysiological mechanism,clinical treatment,cellular and molecular pathways of frostbite in recent years,in order to provide new ideas for future research and clinical treatment.