慢性肾衰竭血液透析患者生命意义感的质性研究

Qualitative Study on Sense of Meaning of Life in Hemodialysis Patients with Chronic Renal Failure

目的:探讨慢性肾衰竭血液透析患者生命意义感。方法:选择医院2018年1月—2020年1月80例慢性肾衰竭血液透析患者,使用中文版生命意义感量表(C-MLQ)评估生命意义感,采用目的抽样法选取15例生命意义感中低等的患者,进行半结构式深度访谈,通过质性研究中的现象学研究方法对15名患者的访谈资料进行分析。结果:从慢性肾衰竭血液透析患者生命意义感总结出3个主题:①血液透析限制了患者对生活参与的自主权;②疾病和治疗增加了经济负担;③痛苦的情绪体验和情感支持需求。结论:慢性肾衰竭血液透析患者生命意义感的缺失与疾病、治疗、情感等多方面的原因有关,护理人员应针对性采取心理干预,提升患者的生命意义感。

Objective:To explore the sense of meaning of life in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure.Methods:From January 2018 to January 2020,80 hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure in the hospital were selected,and the sense of life was assessed with the Chinese version of the Sense of Life Scale(C-MLQ).15 patients with middle or low sense of life were selected by purposive sampling method for semi-structured in-depth interviews.The interview data of 15 patients were analyzed by phenomenological research methods in qualitative research.Results:Three themes were summarized from the sense of meaning of life of hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure:①hemodialysis restricted the autonomy of patients to participate in life;②Disease and treatment increase the economic burden;③Painful emotional experience and emotional support needs.Conclusion:The lack of sense of meaning of life in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure is related to many reasons such as disease,treatment and emotion.Nurses should take targeted psychological intervention to enhance the sense of meaning of life in patients with chronic renal failure.