系统自主与结构耦合:基层治理结构调适的“自我生产”机制——以温州龙港“市管社区”实践为例

System Autonomy and Structure Coupling:"Self-production"Mechanism of Grassroots Governance Structure Adjustment——Taking the Practice of"County Direct Management Community"in Wenzhou Longgang City as An Example

基层治理是国家治理的基石,基层治理结构的科学设置在很大程度上决定了基层治理的有效性。本文以温州龙港“市管社区”实践为例,探讨在科层组织框架中,基层治理结构的调适何以可能的问题。研究发现,在治理系统对外界保持开放的情况下,外部环境对治理系统施压,触动治理系统做出变化。但治理系统并非完全遵照环境的要求做出改变,而是会参照自身的原则与需求,做出选择性回应,并根据所选择的功能优化事项,对治理结构做出调整。为此,在调适过程中,需要确保治理系统与外部环境之间,以及治理系统内部诸结构要素之间的边界开放与有序互动,由此形成科层制与逆科层化的结构耦合关系,从而促成基层治理系统在稳定中实现升级优化,并等待下一次的环境施压,进入新一轮循环,最终在基层治理系统的“自我生产”中促进治理现代化。

Grass-roots governance is the cornerstone of national governance,and the scientific setting of grass-roots governance structure largely determines the effectiveness of governance.Taking the practice of"county direct management community"in Wenzhou Longgang as an example,this paper discusses why the adjustment of grassroots governance structure is possible in the framework of bureaucratic organization.Research found that in the case of governance system remain open to the outside world,the external environment pressure on governance system,push governance system to change,but governance system is not completely comply with the requirements of the environment to make changes,but will refer to their own principles and requirements,selective response,and according to the selected function optimization matters,to adjust the governance structure.Therefore,need in the process of adjustment,to ensure that the governance system and external environment,and governance system internal structure and structure of mutual trust and orderly interaction and shape each other,thus forming the hierarchical and reverse hierarchical structure coupling relationship,contributing to grassroots governance system upgrade in stable optimization,and wait for the next environmental pressure,into a new cycle,eventually in the grassroots governance system"self production"to promote governance modernization.