一种基于声矢量阵混响空间特性的窄带目标探测算法

Narrow-band target detection based on space characteristic of acoustic vector array

针对声矢量水听器阵主动探测问题,从声矢量混响空间特性方面开展研究。首先,从理论上分析各向同性混响条件下声压阵、振速阵的空间相关系数,指出远距离、长处理帧条件下声压、振速阵列半波长以上阵元间距的各向同性混响近似不相关;然后,以此为基础,给出声矢量圆阵信号接收模型,并针对各向异性、各向同性混响共存情况,给出了一种声矢量解析振速平滑阵列处理方法。该方法充分利用解析振速结构特点,对声压、解析振速阵列数据协方差矩阵进行累加平均,有效减小了不同阵元各向异性混响成分相干性。实测数据结果表明:声矢量解析振速平滑方法的常规波束形成处理与最小方差无畸变波束形成处理的声场级都小于声压阵处理结果,具有更高的目标分辨能力。

Aiming at the problem of the active detection with acoustic vector hydrophone array,the study was carried out from the acoustic vector reverberation space characteristic.In the first,the space correlation index of acoustic pressure array,particle velocity array was analysed under the condition of isotropy reverberation in theory,which indicated that isotropy reverberation of acoustic pressure,particle velocity array approaches to be uncorrelated with more half wave length gaps as long range and long processing frame.Based on that,a receiving model of acoustic vector circle array was given to solve the problem of co-existence of isotropy and anisotropy reverberation and an acoustic vector analytic velocity smoothing(AVAVS)was proposed.This algorithm using the features of analytical velocity structure,averaged the sum of the covariance matrixes of acoustic pressure array and analytical velocity array to suppress the relevance of anisotropy reverberation,in order that the processing gain was improved.The real data demonstrates that the acoustic level of AVAVS with conventional beamforming and minimum variance distortionless response is lower than acoustic pressure processing,and has higher target resolution.