传承与异质:宋代诗论与词论雅俗观辨析

Inheritance and Heterogeneity:the Elegant and Vulgar Views of Poetic Theory in the Song Dynasty

宋代诗论和词论中的雅俗观之异主要表现在四个方面:一是就发展趋势而言,偏重于“会通雅俗”与“重构雅俗”之别。二是就内在结构而言,是“文”“质”之异。三是就情感倾向而言,侧重于“褒扬”与“贬抑”之不同。四是就审美理想而言,主要是“枯澹”与“清空”之异。这四个方面相互联系、相互影响,在传承中呈现出不同的特质。辨析宋代诗论与词论雅俗观,不仅有利于我们更加清晰地厘清宋代诗论与词论雅俗观中的复杂内涵和其内在要素之间的复杂关系,还有助于重构雅词词统。对“永依声”和“声依永”的探讨有利于我们恢复传统的歌诗传统,为中国文学理论的建构提供有益的历史经验。

The differences between the elegant and vulgar views on the poetry and CI in the Song Dynasty are mainly in four aspects:in terms of the development trend,focus was on the difference between"communicating elegance and vulgarity"and"reconstructing elegance and vulgarity";in terms of the internal structure,the difference lies between"literariness"and"quality";in terms of the emotional tendency,the difference focuses on between"praise"and"derogation",in terms of the aesthetic ideal,the difference is mainly between"withered quality"and"emptiness".These four aspects are interrelated and influence each other,taking on different characteristics in inheritance.Such an analysis will help to more clearly clarify the complex connotation and the complex relationship between its internal elements,and further help to reconstruct the refined CI system.The discussion is conducive to restoring the traditional song and poetry tradition,providing historical experiences for the construction of Chinese literary theory.