嵌入、制衡与借势:转型期农村家庭养老秩序再生产机制

Embedding,Checking and Balancing and Taking Advantage of the Situation:The Reproduction Mechanism of Rural Elderly Care Order at Home in the Transitional Period

市场化与城镇化在推动家庭发展目标转型的过程中引发了伦理弱化、代际反馈失衡、社区情理沉寂等一系列家庭养老危机。家庭养老功能持续弱化与父代对家庭养老的强依赖之间的冲突促使父代主动采取一系列行为策略:通过嵌入家庭分工获得资源分配的正当性;通过隔代抚育激活家庭内的制衡机制;通过“多走一步”取得伦理合理性的优势,触发社区情理的规范约束机制,嵌入、制衡和借势从资源、伦理和规则三方面推动家庭养老秩序的再生产。转型期家庭养老秩序的再生产表明父代的依附性并不一定导向依附性心理和行动,其会采取一系列行为保障家庭养老功能的实现。父代推动的家庭养老秩序的再生产对于理解农村养老的底层形态、探究农村养老的可行性路径具有重要的启发意义。

In the process of promoting the transformation of family development goals,marketization and urbanization also lead to a series of family elderly care crises,such as the weakening of ethics,the imbalance of intergenerational feedback,the silence of community and so on.The conflict between the continuous weakening function of family care and the strong dependence of parents on family care urges parents to take a series of behavioral strategies:obtain the legitimacy of resource allocation by embedding family division of labor;activate the check and balance mechanism in the family through intergenerational rearing;obtain the advantage of ethical rationality and trigger the normative restraint mechanism of community by“one more step”.The reproduction of family care order is shaped by embedding,checking and balancing and taking advantage of the situation from three aspects of resources,ethics and rules.The reproduction of the family care order in the transition period shows that the dependent role of the father generation does not necessarily lead to the dependent psychology and dependent action,and it will take a series of subjective behaviors to ensure the stable expectation of family care.The reproduction of family care order promoted by parents has important enlightening significance for understanding the bottom form of rural pension and exploring the feasible path of rural elderly care crisis.