教育婚姻匹配模式对子女教育期望的影响——基于CFPS数据的实证分析

The Influence of Educational Marriage Matching Pattern on Children's Educational Expectations:An Empirical Analysis Based on CFPS Database

运用CFPS2018年全国抽样调查数据,使用排序选择模型(Ordered Logit)分析教育婚姻匹配模式对子女教育期望的影响,同时运用更换模型和被解释变量的方法进行了稳健性检验,结果表明基准模型具有较高可信度。研究发现:(1)教育婚姻匹配模式会显著影响子女教育期望。(2)在教育婚姻匹配的同质婚中,夫妻双方学历越高,对子女的教育期望也越高。(3)夫妻受教育程度匹配的梯度对子女教育期望的影响存在差异,“男高女低”的教育婚配模式使子女教育期望值略有降低,但未产生显著影响;“女高男低”的教育婚配模式则显著提高父母对子女的教育期望。教育婚姻匹配模式对子女教育期望影响显著,应出台相关政策缓解父母教育资源差异导致的教育不平等问题,同时关注弱势家庭的发展,为弱势家庭中的子女提供教育援助。此外,应该关注家庭中的性别角色对子女发展的影响,以及防范父母教育水平存在较大梯度差异的家庭中,教育理念冲突对孩子发展造成的不利影响。

The paper uses CFPS2018 national sample survey data and Ordered Logit regression to analyze the influence of education marriage matching mode on children's educational expectations.Meanwhile,the replacement model and the explained variables method are used for robustness test,and the results show that the benchmark model has high reliability.It is found that:(1)The educational marriage matching pattern significantly affects children's educational expectations;(2)In the homogenous marriage of educational marriage matching,the higher the spouses educational level,the higher the expectation on their children's education;(3)There are differences in the influence of different gradients of couples educational attainment on their children's educational expectations.The educational marriage mode of“men with higher education and women with lower education”reduces children's educational expectations to some extent,while the educational marriage mode of“women with higher education and men with lower education”significantly increases children's educational expectations.It is found that the educational marriage matching model plays an important role in family educational expectations.In order to prevent the excessive accumulation of resources,relevant policies should be introduced to alleviate the educational inequality caused by the difference of educational resources between parents.At the same time,attention should be paid to the development of disadvantaged families and education assistance should be provided for their children.In addition,attention should also be paid to the influence of gender roles and the adverse effects of conflicts caused by different educational views on children's development with gradient differences in parents educational levels.