应对突发公共卫生事件的社区韧性评估与差异化提升策略——基于武汉市4个新旧社区的考察

Community Resilience Assessment and Differentiated Improvement Strategies in Response to Public Health Emergencies:A Case Study of Four Old or New Communities in Wuhan

应对突发公共卫生事件的社区韧性评估是夯实城市治理基层基础和防范化解突发风险的关键内容。首先,在综合梳理和总结社区韧性相关研究的基础上,从经济韧性、社会韧性、设施韧性、制度韧性、空间韧性和社区生活圈支撑韧性6个领域构建应对突发公共卫生事件的社区韧性评估框架。其次,以湖北省武汉市4个典型的新旧社区为研究对象,基于实地调研、问卷调查和个别访谈的方法获取相关数据,采用层次分析法、GIS网络分析法和空间句法等方法量化评估社区韧性水平。最后,根据评估结果,从社区生活圈、社区两个空间层次,新建社区、老旧社区两个社区类型分别提出差异化的提升策略。以期构建应对突发公共卫生事件的社区韧性评估框架,探索不同类型社区的韧性特征并提出差异化的韧性提升策略,对于提升社区防灾能力、治理能力和支撑韧性社区建设具有重要的理论与现实意义。

Community resilience assessment in response to public health emergencies is a key element in strengthening the foundation of urban governance and resolving emergent risks.Firstly,based on a comprehensive literature review on community resilience,this paper develops a comprehensive assessment framework for assessing community resilience in response to public health emergencies in six dimensions:economic resilience,social resilience,facility resilience,institutional resilience,spatial resilience,and"community life circle support"resilience.Then,four typical communities in Wuhan City are selected as research objects to obtain relevant data based on field research,questionnaires and individual interviews,and the community resilience level is quantitatively assessed using hierarchical analysis,GIS network analysis and spatial sentence method.Finally,based on the assessment results,differentiated improvement strategies are proposed from two spatial levels including community living circle and community and two community types of new communities and old communities.The purpose of this paper is to construct a community resilience assessment framework responding to public health emergencies,explore the resilience characteristics of different types of communities,and propose differentiated resilience enhancement strategies,which are of great theoretical and practical significance for improving community disaster prevention and governance capacity and supporting resilient community construction.