昆明市典型农用地土壤动物类群及多样性初探

A Preliminary Study on the Community and Diversity of Soil Animals of Typical Agricultural Land in Kunming

了解昆明市典型农用地土壤动物群落情况,掌握调查样地内土壤动物优势类群、常见类群、稀有类群的分布情况及特征,分析调查样地间土壤动物不同优势度类群的差异,为今后全面、系统的开展全市土壤动物调查研究工作奠定工作基础。结果发现:(1)确定了区域及土壤样地的选择方法,采用简单随机抽样、卫星影像判别、现场实地确认的方法;(2)根据土壤动物干法、湿法分离方法,自制了实用的Tullgren分离器和Baermann分离器;(3)采集土壤动物共4388只,完成类别鉴别的有4129只,分属于4门8纲21目33科,划分为25个类群单位。弹尾目、蜱螨亚纲、寡毛纲构成了研究区土壤动物的主要部分,为主要优势类群;(4)经土壤动物多样性分析,不同农用地和不同种植类型对土壤动物数量和组成及多样性产生一定的影响。

This paper aims to understand the situation of the soil animals community of typical agricultural land in Kunming,and grasp the distributions and characteristics of dominant groups,common groups,and rare groups of soil animals in the sample plots.We analyze and investigate the differences of different dominant groups of soil animals among the sample plots,so as to lay the foundation for the comprehensive and systematic investigation and research of soil animals in the whole city in the future.The results show that:(1)The selection methods of the region and soil sample plots were determined by simple random sampling,satellite image discrimination,and field confirmation.(2)According to the dry and wet separation methods of soil animals,the practical Tullgren separator and Baermann separator were made by ourselves.(3)A total of 4388 soil animals were collected and 4129 were identified,belonging to 4 phyla,8 classes,21 orders,33 families,and divided into 25 groups and units.Elasmococci,Acariae and Oligochaeta constituted the main parts of soil animals and were the main dominant groups.(4)Through the analysis of soil animal diversity,different agricultural land and different planting types had certain effects on the quantity,composition and diversity of soil animals.