北京门头沟仰山栖隐禅寺药局考略

A Brief Study on the Pharmacy of Qiyin Zen Temple in Yangshan Mountain,Mentougou of

寺庙药局制度自金初仰山栖隐禅寺药局始,绵延八百余年,影响深远,形成了“以医养寺”的独特传统。北京门头沟仰山栖隐禅寺兴盛于金,历经各朝几次重修,终毁于抗日战争战火之下。药局由希辩大师创立,又因其良好的社会效应在百年间被各地寺庙纷纷效仿,其中受其影响最深、发展最好的莫过于由仰山栖隐禅寺僧人东林志隆亲自前往嵩山建立的少林药局。仰山栖隐禅寺药局也因其精湛医术,为后人留下了许多传说故事。药局的发展历程与寺庙的兴衰息息相关,其衰落与战乱及民众信仰的转变相关。仰山栖隐禅寺药局有着重要的历史意义和当代价值,以期相关论述能为其发掘与保护提供部分思路和方法。

The temple pharmacy system can date back to the pharmacy of Qiyin Zen Temple in Yangshan Mountain at the beginning of Jin(金)Dynasty,which lasted for over 800 years and had a far-reaching impact on the formation of a unique tradition of“maintaining the temple with medicine”.Qiyin Zen Temple flourished in the Jin Dynasty,was renovated several times in later dynasties,and eventually was destroyed during the war of resistance against Japan.The pharmacy of the temple was founded by master Xibian and has been followed by temples across the country in a hundred years’time because of its good social effect.Among them,the pharmacy of Shaolin Temple in Songshan Mountain established by Donglin Zhilong in person,a monk of Qiyin Zen Temple,was most influenced and had the best prospect for development.The pharmacy of Qiyin Zen Temple also left many legends and stories for future generations regarding exquisite medical skills and efficacies.The development of the pharmacy is closely related to the rise and fall of the temple,while its declination is relevant to the wars and religious changes of the folk.The pharmacy of Qiyin Zen Temple has important historical significance and contemporary values,and thus related research as in this paper can provide some ideas and methods for its excavation and protection.