肺癌相关静脉血栓栓塞症的危险因素及预测模型研究进展

Research advances of venous thromboembolism in patients with lung cancer

静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)是肺癌最常见的并发症之一。VTE不仅会干扰凝血系统的平衡,还会影响肿瘤的进展和预后。患有VTE的癌症患者可能更易发生VTE复发和出血并发症,故预防及治疗肺癌相关VTE发生时需平衡出血与VTE发生的风险。为了识别肺癌相关VTE发生的高危患者,既往研究中已发现多种危险因素,开发并验证了相应的临床风险评估模型。随着肺癌治疗模式的进展,仍需进一步研究新型治疗模式对VTE发生的影响,探索新的危险因素及新型预测模型。文章主要就VTE预测和风险评估的进展进行综述。

Venous thromboembolism(VTE)is one of the most common complications of lung cancer.VTE interferes with the homeostasis of the coagulation system and affects tumor progression and prognosis.Cancer patients with VTE may be more prone to VTE recurrence and bleeding complications,so prevention and treatment of lung cancer-associated VTE requires balancing the risk of bleeding and VTE occurrence.In order to identify patients at high risk of developing lung cancer-associated VTE,various risk factors have been identified in previous studies,and corresponding clinical risk assessment models have been developed and validated.With the development of antineoplastic protocols,it is necessary to further investigate the impact of novel antineoplastic protocols on VTE occurrence and to explore new risk factors and novel prediction models.In this review,we summarize advances in VTE prediction and risk assessment models,focusing on the early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer-associated VTE.