新型电力系统电力电量平衡调度问题的思考

Cogitation on Power and Electricity Balance Dispatching in New Power System

随着新能源渗透率的不断加大,电力系统的电力电量平衡特性、分析方法和应对策略都将发生重大改变。有效应对新能源出力的不确定性,保证电力可靠供应与清洁能源最大限度消纳的难度显著增加。基于新能源出力预测精度与电力调度保供应、保消纳决策目标期望均随时间尺度的缩短而逐渐提高的特点,提出一种按时间尺度逐层分解、递进优化的电力电量平衡分析方法与调度优化策略。通过分层递进与目标解耦,可在新能源高占比场景中实现以电力可靠供应与清洁能源最大限度消纳为目标的高效求解。以某电网的新能源高占比规划场景为例,对该系统中的电力电量平衡分析与调度策略优化问题进行年、月、周、日等各时间尺度上的全过程研究,揭示新能源高占比场景中调度机构开展电力电量平衡工作面临的新问题与新挑战,提出调节资源协同配置、发电机组检修策略调整、送受电策略调整及配套电力市场机制建设等建议措施。

The increasing penetration of renewable energy implies significant changes into the features,analyzing methods and coping strategies of power system balance issues.The reliable supply of customers and the utilizing of clean energy would be more difficult due to the uncertainty of renewable energy output in respective time scales.Considering the accuracy of renewable energy prediction and the expectation of the power dispatching objectives both increasing gradually with the shortening of the time scale,this paper specifies a power and energy balancing procedure using progressive decomposing techniques to provide optimal dispatching strategy so as to fulfil the reliable customer supply and the minimum curtailment of the clean energy.An actual planned power system with high penetration is studied in panoramic view as an example scenario afterwards to find out power and energy balance problems in various time scales:annually,monthly,weekly and daily.Challenges faced by dispatching agencies in the scenario are mainly depicted and some suggestions are introduced as potential solutions,including the coordinated allocation of adjustable resources,the diversification of unit maintenance strategy,the power trade strategy and the supplementary power market regulations.