新型电力系统广义惯量分析与优化研究综述

A Review on Generalized Inertia Analysis and Optimization of New Power Systems

绿色低碳转型的新型电力系统中,风光电源等变流器接口资源(inverter based resources,IBRs)高比例并网,其模拟惯量与传统的旋转惯量共同构成了广义惯量,显著改变了系统的有功动态特性。掌握广义惯量特性、实现惯量优化调控是未来系统安全稳定的重要保障。围绕新型电力系统广义惯量,基于一般惯量概念给出了新型电力系统广义惯量的定义和数学描述,分析了广义惯量资源体系,并针对异质资源惯量聚合表征、广义惯量评估、考虑惯量充裕的优化运行3类关键问题分别梳理了研究现状,分析了关键难题与挑战,并提出了相应的解决思路。

In the process of clean and low-carbon energy transformation,an increasing share of inverter-based resources(IBRs),especially wind and solar generation,have been integrated into power system.The virtual inertia of IBRs and traditional rotational inertia constitute the generalized inertia,which significantly changes the dynamic characteristics of the active power.Mastering the inertia characteristics and optimizing inertia are important issues concerning the security and stability of future power system.This paper reviews the generalized inertia of new power systems.The definition and mathematical formula of generalized inertia of new power systems are firstly discussed from the universal concept of inertia and relevant factors,then three key issues of heterogeneous inertia quantitative characterization,inertia estimation and optimization considering inertia adequacy are detailedly reviewed.The main research progress,problems to be solved and possible solutions in related fields are explained at length respectively.