电力电子器件故障预测与健康管理技术的研究现状和趋势

Prognostics&Health Management Technology for Power Electronic Devices and Its Advances

电力电子器件是电力电子系统实现电能变换与控制的核心组件之一。通过新材料、新结构、新工艺、增加冗余、降容运行等传统手段提高电力电子器件的可靠性越来越难以匹配快速发展的电能变换要求。目前,电力电子器件的故障预测与健康管理(prognostics and health management,PHM)技术已成为研究热点。文中围绕PHM技术的研究现状、挑战以及发展趋势展开论述。首先,梳理状态监测、故障预测、健康管理三者的逻辑关系;然后,详细分析以电力电子器件的结温监测与老化演化为主要研究内容的技术手段;最后,综合现有研究,指出PHM技术在电参数传感、模型优化、混杂多故障预测方面有待深入研究。以芯片技术发展为硬件基础,大数据和人工智能为上层建筑,是电力电子器件PHM技术的发展趋势。

Power electronic devices are one of the core components of power electronic systems to realize electric energy conversion and control.The traditional method improves the reliability of power electronic devices by new material/structure/process,redundancy,and derating operation,which is becoming increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of rapidly developing power conversion.At present,the prognostics and health management(PHM)technology of power electronic devices has become a research focus.The state-of-the-art,challenges and development trends of PHM technology are discussed.First,the logical relationship between condition monitoring,fault prediction and health management is sorted out.Then,the technical methods of junction temperature monitoring and the aging evolution of power electronic devices are analyzed in detail.Finally,based on the existing research,it is pointed out that PHM technology needs in-depth research in electrical parameter sensing,model optimization and hybrid multi-fault prediction.The future trend of the power electronic devices PHM technology will be mainly concentrated in the semiconductor chip hardware and the artificial intelligence algorithm.