脊髓损伤后呼吸肌训练的研究进展

Research Progress of Respiratory Muscle Training after Spinal Cord Injury

呼吸肌训练(respiratory muscle training,RMT)作为肺康复的重要组成部分,能帮助脊髓损伤(spinal cord injury,SCI)患者提高肺功能,改善活动能力,降低肺部并发症发生率和死亡率,提高患者生活质量。近年来,多项研究不仅提出了更详细、更全面的SCI后呼吸肌的评估内容,还提出了新的抗阻呼吸训练方案,以及新的RMT方法,如声乐呼吸训练、居家高强度训练、腹部牵拉(abdominal drawing in maneuver,ADIM)配合RMT法、高频脊髓刺激法,这能最大程度激活SCI患者的呼吸肌,大幅改善患者的肺功能,并满足患者居家肺康复的需求。

Respiratory muscle training(RMT),as an important part of pulmonary rehabilitation,can help patients with spinal cord injury(SCI)improve pulmonary function,improve mobility,reduce the incidence of pulmonary complications and mortality,and improve the quality of life of patients.In recent years,many studies have not only proposed more detailed and comprehensive assessment of respiratory muscle after SCI,but also proposed new anti-resistance respiratory training scheme and new RMT methods,such as vocal respiratory training,home-based high-intensity training,abdominal drawing in maneuver(ADIM)combined with RMT and high-frequency spinal cord stimulation,which can maximize the activation of respiratory muscle in SCI patients and significantly improve lung function,and meet the needs of patients'home-based lung rehabilitation.