玉米副产品型发酵饲料对保育猪生长性能、粪便微生物数量、血浆生化和抗氧化指标的影响

Effect of corn by-product fermented feed on growth performance,fecal microflora number,plasma biochemical and antioxidant indexes of nursery piglets

试验旨在研究玉米副产品型发酵饲料对保育猪生长性能、粪便微生物数量、血浆生化和抗氧化指标的影响。选取192头体重(22.45±0.47) kg的商品保育猪,随机分为6组,即对照组(基础日粮)、试验Ⅰ组(90%基础日粮+10%发酵饲料A)、试验Ⅱ组(90%基础日粮+10%发酵饲料B)、试验Ⅲ组(90%基础日粮+10%发酵饲料C)、试验Ⅳ组(90%基础日粮+10%发酵饲料D)和试验Ⅴ组(85%基础日粮+15%发酵饲料D),每组16个重复,每个重复2头猪。预试期3 d,正式试验期28 d。结果显示,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组仔猪的末重和平均日采食量显著高于试验Ⅳ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅳ组仔猪的末重、平均日采食量显著高于试验Ⅴ组和对照组(P<0.05)。各试验组仔猪的平均日增重显著高于对照组(P<0.05),料重比显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅰ组仔猪的粪便评分最低,显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,各试验组仔猪粪便中乳酸菌的数量均显著提高(P<0.05)。试验Ⅰ组仔猪粪便中大肠杆菌数量最少,显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅰ组仔猪血浆总蛋白(TP)含量及谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),葡萄糖(GLU)含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。各试验组仔猪血浆尿素氮(BUN)含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组、试验Ⅳ组仔猪血浆总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅴ组仔猪血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组仔猪血浆丙二醛(MDA)含量均低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,使用10%发酵饲料A替代基础日粮可以提高保育猪的生长性能,调节肠道生态环境,改善部分血浆生化参数,提高抗氧化能力。

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of corn by-product fermented feed on growth performance,fecal microflora number,plasma biochemical and antioxidant indexes of nursery piglets.One hundred and ninety-two commercial nursery piglets with similar body weights of(22.45±0.47)kg were divided into six groups,which were control group(basal diet),group Ⅰ(90%basal diet+10%fermented feed A),group Ⅱ(90%basal diet+10%fermented feed B),group Ⅲ(90%basal diet+10%fermented feed C),group Ⅳ(90%basal diet+10%fermented feed D)and group V(85%basal diet+15%fermented feed D),with 16 replicates in each group and two pigs in each replicate.The pre-feeding period lasted for 3 d,and the trial period lasted for 28 d.The results showed as follows the final weight and average daily feed intake of piglets in group Ⅰ,group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅳ(P<0.05),and the final weight and average daily feed intake of piglets in group Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅴ and control group(P<0.05).The average daily gain of piglets in experimental groups was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The fecal score of piglets in group Ⅰ was the lowest,and significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the number of lactic acid bacteria in feces of piglets in experimental groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).The number of Escherichia coli in feces of piglets in group Ⅰ was the lowest,and significantly lower than that in other groups(P<0.05).The plasma TP content and the activity of ALT and ALP of piglets in group Ⅰ were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),and the GLU content was significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.05).The plasma BUN content of piglets in experimental groups was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Plasma T-AOC and SOD activity of piglets in group Ⅰ,group Ⅱ,group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),while plasma GSH-Px activity of piglets in group Ⅰ and group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The plasma MDA content of piglets in group Ⅰ was lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The experiment indicates that using 10%fermented feed A instead of basal diet can effectively regulate the intestinal ecological environment and enhance the growth performance,plasma biochemical parameters and the antioxidant capacity of nursery piglets.