甘露寡糖-丁酸梭菌对14日龄肉鸡粪便菌群的影响

Effect of mannan oligosaccharides-Clostridium butyricum on fecal flora of 14-day-old broilers

试验旨在探究丁酸梭菌、甘露寡糖及两者联合添加对肉鸡肠道菌群结构的影响。选取400只1日龄健康、体重相近科宝肉鸡随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复20只鸡。对照组肉鸡饲喂基础日粮,丁酸梭菌组在基础日粮中添加2×10^(9)CFU丁酸梭菌,甘露寡糖组在基础日粮中添加0.2%甘露寡糖,联合添加组在基础日粮中添加2×10^(9)CFU丁酸梭菌+0.2%甘露寡糖。试验期14 d。与对照组相比,各试验组厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)细菌含量均有所减少,变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)含量增加,联合添加组和丁酸梭菌组拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)含量分别增加13.29%、2.37%。丁酸梭菌组放线菌门(Actinobacteria)高于对照组2.89%。与对照组相比,各试验组肉鸡粪便杆菌纲(Bacilli)细菌含量均减少,γ变形菌纲(Gammapro-teobacteria)、梭状芽孢杆菌纲(Clostridiales)含量增多。与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡粪便乳杆菌目(Lactobacillales)含量均有所减少,肠杆菌目(Enterbacteriales)细菌含量均有所增加。与对照组相比,各试验组肉鸡粪便乳酸杆菌科(Lactobacillaceae)含量均有所减少,肠杆菌科(Enterobacteriaceae)含量均有所增加。与对照组相比,各试验组肉鸡粪便菌群乳酸杆菌属(Lactobacillus)减少,大肠杆菌属志贺菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)增加;联合添加组和丁酸梭菌组拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)含量增加,甘露寡糖组减少;各试验组乳酸杆菌(Lactobacillus)、单胞菌属(Comamonas)细菌含量减少。研究表明,在肉鸡日粮中添加丁酸梭菌、甘露寡糖或联合添加在门、纲、目、科、属等5个分类水平上优势菌群变化明显,对肠道菌群结构起到调节作用。

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of Clostridium butyrate,mannooligosaccharides and their combined addition on intestinal flora structure of broilers.Four hundred one-day-old healthy Kebao broilers with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups,with five replicates in each group and 20 broilers in each replicate.Broilers in control group were fed with a basal diet,Clostridium butyricum group was fed with a basal diet supplemented with 2×10^(9)CFU Clostridium butyricum,mannooligosaccharides group was fed with a basal diet supplemented with 0.2%mannooligosaccharides,combined group was fed with a basal diet supplemented with 2×10^(9)CFU Clostridium butyricum+0.2%mannooligosaccharides.The experiment lasted for 14 d.Compared with control group,the bacterial content of Firmicutes in each experimental group decreased,and the content of Proteobacteria increased.The content of Bacteroidetes in the combined addition group and the Clostridium butyricum group increased by 13.29%and 2.37%,respectively.Actinobacteria in Clostridium butyricum group was 2.89%higher than that in control group.Compared with control group,Bacilli content in all experimental groups decreased,while Gammapro-teobacteria and Clostridiales content increased.Compared with control group,the content of Lactobacillales decreased and the content of Enterbacteriales increased in all experimental groups.Compare1dwith control group,the contentof Lactobacillaceae decreasedand the content of Enterobacteriaceae increased in all experimental groups.Compared1with control group,thefecal Lactobacillus of broilers in all experimental groups decreased and Escherichia-Shigella increased. The content of Bacteroides in combined addition group and Clostridiumbutyricum group increased, while the content of mannooligosaccharides group decreased. The bacterial content ofLactobacillus and Comamonas decreased in each test group. The experiment indicates that the addition of Clostridiumbutyricum, mannan oligosaccharide or combined addition of Clostridium butyricum, mannan oligosaccharide in broilerfeed can significantly change the dominant flora at the five classification levels of phylum, class, order, family and genus,and regulate the structure of intestinal flora.