马克思历史哲学批判中的黑格尔渊源与哲学革命

Hegel's Origin and Philosophical Revolution in Marx's Criticism of Historical Philosophy

作为思辩的历史哲学路向的集大成者,黑格尔将辩证法引入历史研究,把世界历史理解为绝对精神自我认识、自我成就的辩证过程,建立起逻辑缜密、包罗万象的客观唯心主义历史哲学。马克思在肯定黑格尔历史哲学贡献的同时,也揭示其理论症结与理论立场,并将黑格尔历史哲学中的精神劳动辩证法转换为现实个人的物质劳动辩证法,从而澄清了历史的前提,祛除了黑格尔历史哲学的神秘外衣。这一关键性转换同时也昭示着马克思超越传统唯物主义和唯心主义之争的哲学范式革命——实践哲学立场的确立和展开。

As a master of the way of historical philosophy of speculation,Hegel introduced his dialectics into historical research,and established an objective idealist historical philosophy that is logical and comprehensive.However,Hegel's philosophy of history essentially presupposes the entity of absolute spirit,and world history has become a dialectical process of spiritual self-awareness and self achievement.Marx transformed Hegel's spiritual dialectics into the material labor dialectics of real individuals,thus clarifying the historical premise and removing the mysterious cloak of Hegel's historical philosophy.At the same time,this key transformation also shows that Marx's philosophical paradigm revolution,which transcends the debate between traditional materialism and idealism-practical philosophy is being created and realistically launched.