论帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪故意的认定——要素分析模式的提倡与运用

On the Intentional Determination of the Crime of Helping Information Network Crime——the Promotion and Application of Factor Analysis Model

运用整罪分析模式认定帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪故意时,无法合理解释“情节严重”的认识问题以及“刑事推定下明知的过失化”现象,造成本罪故意认定困境。与整罪分析模式截然不同的要素分析方法可以有效解决这个问题。要素分析模式下,故意的成立仅需行为人对构成要件行为不法性有“明知”即可,其他犯罪事实要素的主观心态在所不问。以此为准,当行为人对自己所提供帮助行为违法性以及他人网络犯罪行为有所“明知”时,“明知他人利用信息网络实施犯罪”中的“明知”即使因刑事推定方法而过失化,也不影响本罪故意认定。“情节严重”的各项情节中,除与帮助行为非法性提升存在密切关联的情节需故意心态外,其他的只需过失心态即可。

When the whole crime analysis mode is used to determine the intention of the crime of helping information network crime, the cognition problem of "serious circumstances" and the phenomenon of "knowing negligence under criminal presumption" cannot be explained reasonably, resulting in the dilemma of the intentional determination of this crime. The factor analysis method which is completely different from the whole crime analysis mode can solve this problem effectively. Under the factor analysis model, the establishment of intention only requires the doer to be "aware" of the illegality of the constitutive elements, and the subjective mentality of other elements of criminal facts is not concerned. In this regard, when the doer is "aware" of the illegality of his helping behavior and the network crime of others, "knowing" in "knowing others to use the information network to commit a crime" does not affect the intentional determination of this crime even if it is negligent due to criminal presumption. Among the "serious circumstances", except for those which are closely related to helping the illegality of the behavior, the intention mentality is required, while the others only need the negligent mentality.