变应性鼻炎患者468例食物组过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E结果分析

Analysis of sIgE of food group allergens in 468 patients with allergic rhinitis

目的研究变应性鼻炎及具有变应性鼻炎相关症状及体征的患者伴发食物过敏的特点,探讨食物组过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白(sIgE)检测在变应性鼻炎诊治中的意义。方法2020年3月至2021年3月收集468例患者,年龄4~87岁,根据年龄分为儿童组和成人组。所有患者进行血清过敏原sIgE检测,并结合临床鼻症状评分,回顾性分析食物过敏原sIgE检测结果。结果本组样本中单纯吸入组过敏原sIgE阳性186例,单纯食物组过敏原sIgE阳性51例,2组过敏原sIgE均阳性231例,282例存在食物组过敏原sIgE阳性的患者前4种食物过敏原依次为芒果96例(34.0%)、虾90例(31.9%)、牛羊肉78例(27.6%),鸡蛋白69例(24.5%);成人组食物组过敏原sIgE阳性率最高的为芒果占39.3%;在食物组过敏原sIgE平均分级统计中牛奶居于首位,为2.4级。在相关性研究中,芒果与蒿、小麦与黎之间的相关系数较高,ρ值分别为0.87及0.83。牛奶过敏原等级与鼻症状总积分呈弱相关,而芒果过敏原等级与鼻症状总积分强相关。结论应结合临床应用过敏原sIgE检测,正确认识食物组过敏原阳性结果对变应性鼻炎的影响,为变应性鼻炎的诊断及治疗提供积极作用。

Objective To study the characteristics of allergic rhinitis and patients with symptoms and signs associated with allergic rhinitis with food allergy,and to explore the significance of food group allergen specific immunoglobulin E(sIgE)testing in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis.Methods From March 2020 to March 2021,468 patients,aged 4 to 87 years,were collected and divided into pediatric and adult groups according to their ages.All patients underwent serum allergen sIgE testing and retrospective analysis of food allergen sIgE test results in combination with clinical nasal symptom scores.Results The number of positive allergen sIgE in the inhalation-only group was 186 cases,the number of positive allergen sIgE in the food-only group was 51 cases,the number of positive allergen sIgE in both groups was 231 cases,and the top 4 food allergens in 282 patients with positive allergen sIgE in the food group were mango in 96 cases(34.0%),shrimp in 90 cases(31.9%),beef in 78 cases(27.6%)and mutton in 69 cases(24.5%).The highest rate of sIgE positivity for food group allergens in the adult group was mango,accounting for 39.3%.In the mean sIgE grading of food group allergens,milk was in the first place,with a grade of 2.4.In the correlation study,the correlation coefficientsρbetween mango and artemisia(0.87),wheat and Lai(0.83)were both higher,respectively.Milk allergen grade was weakly correlated with the total nasal symptom score,while mango allergen grade was strongly correlated with the total nasal symptom score.Conclusion Allergen sIgE testing should be combined with clinical application to correctly recognize the effect of positive food group allergen results on allergic rhinitis and provide positive effect on the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis.