2020-2021年我国国家医保谈判抗肿瘤药物的可及性及应用分析

Analysis of the availability and utilization of national negotiation anticancer drugs in China from 2020 to 2021

目的:了解全国范围内国家医保谈判(下称“国谈”)抗肿瘤药物的可及性和临床使用现状,为后续政策优化提供数据支撑。方法:运用描述性统计分析方法,对我国30个省级行政区的1059家二、三级公立综合医院2020-2021年国谈抗肿瘤药物的可获得率、用药金额及用药频度(DDDs)等进行分析。结果:本次调研机构2021年国谈抗肿瘤药物可获得率整体较2020年有所提升,其中2020年新增谈判药品增幅较大。调研机构2021年国谈抗肿瘤药物使用金额为161.77亿元,比2020年增长了16.14%,其中新增谈判品种的金额增幅较大(35.03%)。2021年调研药品DDDs比2020年增长了45.81%,内分泌治疗用药、蛋白激酶抑制剂和单克隆抗体的用量较大且DDDs增长较明显。对于新型抗肿瘤药物的用量,国产创新药品占比有所提升,但仍以进口原研药为主。结论:2021年国谈抗肿瘤药物的可获得率、使用金额及使用量明显提升,国谈政策的实施提高了抗肿瘤药物的可及性。

OBJECTIVE To grasp the current status of availability and clinical use of national negotiation anticancer drugs in China,and provide data support for subsequent policy optimization and adjustment.METHODS Descriptive statistical analysis was utilized for analyzing availability,expense and defined daily doses(DDDs)of national negotiation anticancer drugs in China from 2020 to 2021.The research institutions involved a total of 1059 secondary and tertiary public general hospitals from 30 provincial administrative regions in China.RESULTS In 2021,the overall availability rate of national negotiation anticancer drugs of all research institutions increased compared with 2020,and the availability rate of newly negotiated drugs in 2020 increased significantly.The consumption of national negotiation anticancer drugs in 2021 was 16.177 billion yuan,with annual growth rate of 16.14%.Among them,the amount of newly negotiated varieties increased greatly(35.03%).Compared with 2020,the DDDs of investigational drugs increased by 45.81%in 2021.Endocrine therapy drugs,protein kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies were used in larger amounts,and their DDDs increased significantly in 2021.The proportion of domestic new anticancer drugs increased in 2021,but imported original research drugs still accounted for a large proportion.CONCLUSION In 2021,the availability and consumption of national negotiation anticancer drugs increased significantly.The implementation of national medical insurance negotiation have improved the accessibility of anticancer drugs.