极小种群红树植物红榄李的原生群落特征调查

Investigation on Primary Community Characteristics of Extremely Small Populations of Mangrove Plant Lumnitzera littorea

濒危红树植物红榄李为国家二级保护植物,属于极小种群保护物种,野外更新困难。为了解红榄李原生群落的红树植物物种多样性特点,对当地的群落特征、物种组成、物种多样性进行了调查分析。结果表明:(1)红榄李的2个原生群落中,红树林物种组成差异显著,三亚铁炉港样地物种较丰富,陵水新村港样地物种较少;(2)红榄李的2个原生群落均为结构简单的乔灌型群落,群落内乔木层和灌木层均为多物种形成共建种,红榄李竞争力较弱,均不是优势种;(3)三亚铁炉港样地的Shannon-Wiener指数显著高于陵水新村港样地,红榄李植株数量较多,说明物种丰富更有利于红榄李生存。

The endangered mangrove plant is a national secondary protected plant, belonging to a plant species with extremely small population. It is difficult to achieve natural regeneration in the wild. In order to understand the species diversity characteristics of mangrove plants in the primary communities of Lumnitzera littorea, the community characteristics,species composition and species diversity of local communities were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in the species composition of mangrove in the two primary communities, and the plant species was relatively rich in Tielu Bay, Sanya, the plant species was relatively fewer in Xincun Bay, Lingshui. The two primary communities were both tree-shrub community with simple structure, and the tree layer and shrub layer were both multispecies forming co-construction species. The competitiveness of Lumnitzera littorea was weak and it was not the dominant species. The Shannon-Wiener index of Tielu Bay was significantly higher than that of Xincun Bay, and the number of Lumnitzera littorea was higher, indicating that the species richness was more conducive to the survival of L. littorea.