发达国家课后服务模式的生成、运转与评价

An International Comparative Study of After-School Programs Models

“双减”背景下课后服务的重要性进一步突显,现阶段我国课后服务快速推进但实践层面表现出无序与混乱,而发达国家课后服务已具有较为成熟的运作模式。在考察美国、北欧、韩国与日本课后服务实践基础上,课后服务模式可以归纳为服务国家教育战略的动态模式、确保平等的社会福利模式、重塑学校公信力的教育模式以及福祉与教育综合推进模式四类,各模式在供需关系、服务对象、服务人员、内容与效果、质量评估方面分别呈现出优势与不足。在此基础上,对完善我国课后服务进行思考,并提出如下建议:明确课后服务的价值功能,分类推进课后服务政策;搭建课后服务资源网络,家校社多方联动;设置多样化活动,推进课后服务活动课程化;建立课后服务质量评价与监督机制。

Under the background of"double reduction"policy,the importance of afterschool programs is further highlighted.At present,China's after-school programs are advancing rapidly,but the practical experience is not systematic.Throughout the international experience,after-school programs in many countries have a relatively mature operation mode,which provides a possibility for China to reflect on the experience of other countries.This study divides the international practice of after-school programs into four categories:dynamic model of serving national education policy,social welfare model of ensuring equality,education model of rebuilding school credibility,and well-being and education promotion model.It also analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of supply and demand relationship,service object,service personnel,content and effect,and quality evaluation.It is suggested that after-school programs in China should define the value function,build afterschool programs resource network,set up diversified activities,set up after-school programs quality evaluation and supervision mechanism.