蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶受体C的免疫功能及其相关疾病研究进展

Research progress in immune function of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type C and its related diseases

蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶受体C(protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor-type C,PTPRC),又称CD45,是仅存在于造血系统有核细胞表面的跨膜糖蛋白。由于外显子的选择性剪接,PTPRC存在多种亚型,不同的亚型选择性表达于不同发育阶段和功能状态的细胞表面。PTPRC的生理功能丰富,在T、B细胞抗原受体信号转导中发挥重要作用,参与T、B细胞发育,还能通过JAK激酶等途径调节细胞因子的产生。此外,PTPRC还参与感染性疾病、自身免疫性疾病、重症联合免疫缺陷病以及癌症等多种疾病的发病过程。

Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C(PTPRC),also known as CD45,is a transmembrane glycoprotein exclusively expressed on all nucleated cells of the hematopoietic system.PTPRC exists in multiple isoforms generated by alternative splicing of exons.The isoform expression varies depending on the developmental or functional status of the cell.PTPRC has rich physiological functions.It plays an important role in T cell and B cell antigen receptor signal transduction,participates in T and B cell development,and regulates the production of cytokines through JAK kinase.Moreover,PTPRC is involved in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases,autoimmune diseases,severe combined immunodeficiency and cancer.