外泌体递送载体在肿瘤光学治疗研究进展

Research progress of exosome delivery vehicles in tumor phototherapy

外泌体是一种生物体自身分泌的磷脂双分子层纳米级囊泡,因具有低免疫原性和同源靶向的重要优势而近来被发展成为一种具有前景的载体系统。光疗法是一种利用光激活药物从而产生特异性细胞杀伤效应的先进疗法,其具有不良反应小和非侵入精准治疗的优势,因此近年来在肿瘤治疗方面取得了巨大发展。利用外泌体作为递送系统靶向性递送光疗药物,加强纳米药物和光学治疗在肿瘤治疗的应用潜力,可实现高效低毒的抗肿瘤应用。本文立足光学治疗与外泌体的有效联合,重点阐述外泌体递送载体在光学治疗领域的研究进展及重点案例。此外,就外泌体递送光疗药物的未来趋势及所面临的挑战进行了讨论与展望。

Exosome is a self-secreted phospholipid bilayer nanovesicles,and has shown great potential in drug delivery field due to the important advantages of low immunogenicity and homologous targeting.Phototherapy,mainly includes photodynamic therapy(PDT)and photothermal therapy(PTT),utilize light to activate photoactive drug for tumor cell killing.The advanced therapeutic strategy shows low toxic side-effect and non-invasion precise advantages,and thus has made great progress in tumor treatment over the past few years.Therefore,using exosomes as a drug delivery system to deliver phototherapeutic agents can improve therapeutic performances with a reduced side-effect,and further enhance their application potential for clinical tumor therapy.This review focus on the rising cross-subjects field involving exosomes and phototherapy,and mainly introduce the research progress and relative case of exosomes-based delivery system for cancer phototherapy.Additionally,the advantages and challenges of exosome-based phototherapy are also discussed and proposed.