藜麦在云南山区两个生态点的适应性评价

Adaptability Evaluation of Quinoa in Two Mountain Ecological Sites in the High-cold Mountainous Areas of Yunnan

为筛选适宜在云南2000 m海拔的山区种植的藜麦品系,本研究从玻利维亚引进红、黄、黑、白4个籽粒种皮颜色不同的藜麦品系种植于云南拖布卡、小哨2个生态点,通过对4个藜麦品系旺长期植株农艺性状、叶片光合能力、叶片生理性状及籽粒品质和产量等指标的测定与比较分析。结果显示,拖布卡4个藜麦品系的旺长期农艺性状、叶片光合色素指标、叶片生理指标总体高于小哨,2个生态点黄藜麦植株旺长期生长势最好,黑藜麦、红藜麦居中,白藜麦较差,且4个藜麦籽粒的品质指标均存在差异。拖布卡生态点4个藜麦品系的平均公顷产量高于小哨生态点,2个生态点均是黄藜麦产量最高,红藜麦和黑藜麦产量无差异,但他们均显著低于黄藜麦,白藜麦产量较低。因而,黄藜麦、红藜麦和黑藜麦是最适宜在2000 m海拔范围推广种植的主要藜麦品系。本研究为云南省藜麦种质资源的引进、利用及栽培提供了实验依据。

To screen quinoa variety,which adapted to an altitude of 2 000 m in Yunnan mountainous region.Therefore,we introduced four quinoa varieties with different seed coat colors of red,yellow,black,and white from Bolivia,and then planted in Tubuka and Xiaoshao of Yunnan.Here,detection and comparison of plant agronomic traits,leaf photosynthetic capacity,leaf physiological traits,grain quality and yield and other indicators during prosperous period among four varieties.The results showed that the agronomic varieties,leaf photosynthetic pigment indexes,and leaf physiological indexes of the four quinoa varieties in Tubuka generally higher than in Xiaoshao.There are significantly statistical differences among four groups.Yellow quinoa exhibited the best growth potential compared to black quinoa,red quinoa,and white quinoa in two ecological spots during prosperous period.Besides,black quinoa and red quinoa growth better than white quinoa.The average hectare yield of the four quinoa varieties in Tubuka ecological spot higher than in Xiaoshao ecological spot,and the yellow quinoa exhibited highest yield both in two ecological spots.Whereas the lowest yield of white quinoa,and no significant difference between red quinoa and black quinoa.Therefore,yellow quinoa,red quinoa,and black quinoa suitably planted at an altitude of 2000 m.This research provides experimental basis for the introduction,utilization and cultivation of quinoa germplasm resources in Yunnan Province。