基于呋咱结构的多环含能化合物合成研究进展

Synthetic Progress of Furazan based Polycyclic Energetic Compounds

高氮多环结构在协调含能化合物能量与安全性矛盾方面表现出极大潜力。呋咱环具有稳定性好、含氮量高、高正生成焓、易于达到氧平衡等特点,是设计高氮多环类含能分子的重要结构单元。含有呋咱环的多环类含能化合物的设计合成已经成为含能材料领域关注重点之一,得到广泛和深入研究。本文对基于呋咱环的稠环和联环含能化合物的分子结构、合成方法及理化性能等进行综述,并对该类化合物的应用前景进行了评价,为此类多环含能化合物的设计与合成提供一定的参考。

Polycyclic structures with high nitrogen content exhibit great potential in balancing the contradiction between energy and safety of energetic compounds.As an important structural unit for the design of high nitrogen content polycyclic energetic molecules,furazan has the characteristics of good stability,high nitrogen content,high positive enthalpy of formation and good oxygen balance tendency.The design and synthesis of polycyclic energetic compounds containing furazan unit have become a focus that has been studied extensively and deeply in the research field of energetic materials.This review article summarized and evaluated the molecular structures,synthetic methods,physicochemical properties of furazan based polycyclic energetic compounds.Meanwhile,the potential applications of these compounds in high energy and low sensitivity explosives,heat⁃resistant explosives and primary explosives were also prospected,providing a reference for the design and synthesis of new polycyclic energetic compounds.