布尔台煤矿顶板管理防治措施的探讨与研究

Discussion and research on roof management and control measures in Buertai Coal Mine

国能神东煤炭集团有限责任集团布尔台煤矿(以下简称“布尔台煤矿”)绽放工作面在过煤柱、过空巷和薄基岩等特殊地质条件回采时,出现矿压显现剧烈、支架动载和煤壁片帮等情况,严重影响了煤矿正常的安全生产。因此,布尔台煤矿采取优化采掘布局、改善巷道支护形式、改变超前支护方式等措施进行矿压源头管理,并采用融合微震、顶板动态、液压支架数据等监测预警技术,建成了灾害预警平台,掌握了强矿压显现规律,揭示了强矿压机理,实现了“一张图”管理。重点针对厚硬顶板大面积悬顶、上覆采空区遗留煤柱、工作面冲刷异常地质体弱化改造等多灾害协同治理,提出了定向长钻孔分段水力压裂技术,有效减弱了上覆岩层的动载效应,降低了回采过程中悬顶面积和来压强度,实现了强矿压灾害的超前解危。

When the working face of Buertai Coal Mine of China Energy Shendong Coal Group Co.,Ltd.(hereinafter referred to as "Buertai Coal Mine") was mining through coal pillar,mining across overlying goaf,mining with thin bedrock or mining under other special geological conditions,there were severe ground pressures,support dynamic loads and coal wall spalling occurred,which seriously affected the normal safety production of the coal mine.Buertai Coal Mine has taken measures such as optimizing the mining layout,improving the roadway support form,and changing the advance support mode to manage the source of rock pressure,and has built a disaster early warning platform by integrating monitoring and early warning technologies such as micro-seismic,roof dynamics,and hydraulic support data,mastering the law of strong rock pressure,revealing the mechanism of strong rock pressure,and realizing the "one picture" management.Focusing on the coordinated treatment of multiple disasters,such as the weakening of thick and hard roof large-area suspension,coal pillar left over from the overlying goaf,and abnormal geological body caused by face scouring,the directional long borehole staged hydraulic fracturing technology is proposed,which effectively weakens the dynamic load effect of the overlying strata,reduces the suspended roof area and weighting intensity during the mining process,and realizes the early relief of strong mine pressure disasters.