大埋深复杂地质条件下灾害风险研究与防治

Study and prevention of disaster risk under complex geological conditions with large buried depth

为从源头遏制和预防煤矿事故发生,东滩煤矿从水文地质致灾因素、火灾因素、冲击地压因素等方面全面系统地排查隐蔽致灾因素。在水文地质情况不明区域坚持物探和钻探相结合,结合现有的地质资料,坚持“综合分析,超前探查,防治结合”的综合水文地质隐蔽致灾因素治理措施;火灾因素方面,针对煤层自然发火灾害监测、识别与防控关键技术等方面建立一套以“系统完善、措施多样、预防为主、应急保障”为主的防灭火工作体系;针对矿井埋深大,矿压明显的客观实际,采用微震监测、应力在线监测和钻屑法监测的综合监测手段,并对监测方案进行了设计,建立了监测预警体系,提出了冲击危险区域的预卸压和解危卸压防治方法,杜绝了冲击地压事故的发生。

In order to contain the accident from the source and effectively prevent the coal mine accidents,Dongtan Coal Mine comprehensively and systematically investigated the hidden disaster-causing factors from hydrogeological,fire,rock burst and other factors.In areas with unknown hydrogeological conditions,geophysical exploration and drilling should be combined,and the comprehensive hydrogeological hidden disaster-causing factors control measures of "comprehensive analysis,advance exploration,combination of prevention and control" are carried out in combination with comprehensive analysis of existing geological data.In terms of hidden fire-causing factors,a set of fire prevention and extinguishment work system focusing on "systematic improvement,diversified measures,prevention first and emergency guarantee" has been established in terms of monitoring,identification,prevention and control of coal seam spontaneous combustion disasters.In view of the objective reality of large buried-depth and obvious ground pressure of mine,the comprehensive monitoring means of micro-seismic monitoring,online stress monitoring and drilling cuttings monitoring are adopted,the monitoring scheme is designed,the monitoring and early warning system is established,and the prevention and control methods of pressure pre-relief and danger relief in the impact hazard area are put forward,those methods eliminate the occurrence of rock burst accidents.