阳高云林寺彩塑制作工艺与材料研究

Research on the manufacturing techniques and materials for painted sculptures in Yunlin Temple of Yanggao County

在对阳高云林寺彩塑现场调查的基础上,利用X射线荧光分析、X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及能谱分析(EDS)、显微共聚焦激光拉曼光谱分析等方法对颜料的化学成分进行了分析。研究发现云林寺彩塑是遵循传统工艺制作的,同时也有裱纸、颜料混合使用、拨金等个性之处。颜料方面,红色使用了铅丹、朱砂和铁红三种,绿色颜料为巴黎绿和碱式氯化铜两种,蓝色见有蓝铜矿和群青两种,黑色为炭黑。本研究比较全面地揭示了云林寺大雄宝殿彩塑制作工艺和使用材料的情况,丰富了对古代彩塑制作工艺和材料的认识,为保护修复实施奠定了基础。

Based on the field investigation of painted sculptures in Yunlin Temple of Yanggao County,the chemical compositions of pigments were analyzed using XRD,XRF,SEM-EDS,Raman spectrometry and other methods.It was found that painted sculptures in Yunlin Temple were made following a traditional process,but also had something special,such as paper mounting,use of mixed pigments and gold scratching,etc.Red pigments were red lead,cinnabar and iron red;green,Paris green and basic copper chloride;blue,azurite and ultramarine;and the black one,carbon black.This research comprehensively reveals the manufacturing techniques and materials for painted sculptures in the Great Buddha’s Hall of Yunlin Temple,enriches the understanding of the manufacturing techniques and materials for ancient painted sculptures,and lays a foundation for the implementation of conservation and restoration.