碳中和愿景下油气钻井的数字化、智能化转型之路

Routes of digital and intelligent transformation for petroleum drilling with a vision of carbon neutrality

钻完井工程历经百年发展,经历了概念-经验-科学-自动化钻井4个发展阶段,形成了以钻完井工艺原理、方法为指导,以装备、工具、软件为手段的钻完井工程技术体系。当前,全球碳中和愿景的实施,将大幅度减少对油气能源的需求与油气勘探开发投资,油服企业碳足迹控制和安全环保保障压力增大,工程技术服务效益空间被压缩,以绿色低碳为特征的石油钻井转型势在必然。石油钻井的数字化、智能化是顺应新达峰目标和碳中和愿景、实现其高质量发展的必由之路。调研了油气钻井数字化、智能化技术发展现状,分析了目前钻井工程技术发展面临的挑战,提出了从智能钻完井技术的3个层面实现传统工程技术转型升级、跨越式发展,将智能地面装备、智能井下工具依托智能软件作为交互系统协同运行,完成一个闭环钻井优化过程,形成钻完井数字化转型协同生态,实现数字化转型升级,大幅度提升钻完井作业效率和保障生产安全。

The development of drilling and well completion engineering over the past one hundred years can be divided into four stages,namely conceptual,empirical,scientific and automatic stages,during which the drilling and well completion technical system,guided by technical principles and methodology of drilling and well completion and armed by equipment,tools,and software.At present,a vision of global carbon neutrality greatly is expected to cause a great reduction in petroleum demand and investment in hydrocarbon exploration and development.Accordingly,oilfield service companies are subjected to increasing pressure for carbon footprint control and commitments to safety and environment protection,and the profit space of engineering technical services is compressed.The green and low-carbon transformation is inevitable for petroleum drilling.Digitalization and intelligentization are the destined routes for petroleum drilling to carbon peak and carbon neutrality and facilitate high-quality development.The status of petroleum drilling digitalization and intelligetization was reviewed,and the challenges facing the drilling technology development were identified.It was proposed that the upgrading and leap-forward of conventional engineering technology should be delivered via three aspects of intelligent drilling and well completion.Also,the intelligent surface equipment should coordinate with intelligent downhole tools,with intelligent software serving as interactive systems,to deliver closed-loop drilling optimization.By doing so,the synergistic ecology of drilling and well completion digitalization is formed,which promotes the upgrading and greatly enhances the operation efficiency and safety assurance of drilling and well completion.