双重三要素型转子吸振器的参数优化

Parameter Optimization of Double Three Element Rotor Vibration Absorber

针对不平衡故障转子一阶共振时振幅过大的问题,本文提出了一种双重三要素型转子吸振器,并对其最优参数进行了优化设计。首先,采用有限元法和拉格朗日方程建立了双重三要素型吸振器-转子系统的动力学模型;然后,基于差分进化法建立了吸振器参数优化的数学模型,并求解得到最优参数及其影响规律;最后,通过数值仿真验证了双重三要素型吸振器的抑振效果。研究结果表明:当双重吸振器中两个单体吸振器质量相同时,两个单体吸振器的最优频率比相差约0.1,且均随质量比增加而减小;质量相同的双重吸振器的放大率比单体吸振器小约5%;当两个单体吸振器质量不同时,质量较大的吸振器的最优频率比和最优刚度比随质量差增大而增大,质量较小的吸振器则相反;与质量比差值为0.005时相比,质量比差值为0.09时吸振器的放大率增加约0.01;在所有安装位置中,将吸振器安装在抑振目标处可使放大率降至0.41,达到最佳抑振效果。

To solve the problem of excessive amplitude of unbalanced fault rotor at first-order resonance,this paper proposes a double three-element type rotor absorber and optimizes its optimal parameters.Firstly,the dynamic model of double three-element type absorber-rotor system is established by using finite element method and Lagrange equation;then,based on differential evolution method,the mathematical model of absorber parameter optimization is established and solved to obtain the optimal parameters and their influence rules;finally,the vibration suppression effect of double three-element type absorber is verified by numerical simulation.The research results show that:when the two single-body absorbers in the double absorber have the same mass,the optimal frequency ratio of the two single-body absorbers differs by about 0.1,and both decrease with the increase of mass ratio;the magnification ratio of double absorber with equal mass is about 5%lower than that of single-body absorber;when the two single-body absorbers have different masses,the optimal frequency ratio and optimal stiffness ratio of larger mass absorber increase with mass difference,while smaller mass absorber does opposite;compared with mass ratio difference of 0.005,magnification ratio of absorber increases by about 0.01 when mass ratio difference is 0.09;among all installation positions,installing absorber at vibration suppression target can reduce magnification ratio to 0.41,achieving best vibration suppression effect.