“战后的中国”:全面抗战期间国统区新闻学的构造维度

Post-war China:The Structural Dimension of Journalism in Kuomintang Controlled Areas during the Anti-Japan War

全面抗战期间,国家面临的空前危机亦被时人视为重构中国社会的重要契机,“战后的中国”逐渐成为时人的重要期待与想象。在这一时期国统区的新闻学构造过程中,此类构想起到顶层框架的作用。在这一共同框架下,学理构造的差异映射出政治立场的分野。国民党的新闻理论以“我们”作为研判“过去”与“当下”新闻学的标准,试图沿袭新闻统制;以张季鸾为代表的“中间报人”以“纯粹之公民”和平等之国家为设定目标,以此为构造中国新闻学的起点与取向;萨空了为代表的左翼知识分子则以“阶级”作为想象社会的根本尺度,对战后中国的资本主义化倾向深怀警惕,同时将“中国新闻事业从业员”视为“进步力量”,寄予促使社会“新生”的殷切期望。

During the Anti-Japanese War,the unprecedented crisis faced by the country was regarded as an important opportunity to reconstruct Chinese society."Post-war China"gradually became an important expectation and imagination of the people.In the process of journalism construction in the Kuomintang-controlled areas during this period,such ideas played the role of a top-level framework.Under this common framework,the differences in academic structure reflect the division of political positions.The Kuomintang's news theory takes"we"as the standard of judging"past"and"present"journalism,and tries to elucidate that"post-war China"follows the news control.The"intermediate newspapermen"represented by Zhang Jiluan set the goal of"pure citizen"and equal country as the starting point and orientation of constructing Chinese journalism.The left-wing intellectuals represented by Sa Kongle took"class"as the fundamental yardstick of imagining society and were deeply wary of China's post-war capitalization tendency.Therefore,they regarded"Chinese journalism practitioners"as"progressive forces"and placed great expectations on promoting social"rebirth".At the methodological level,this reading method based on the author's ideology may be regarded as a breakthrough in the vision of"journalism and communication"as a"specialized discipline".