关于多功能ZIF-8纳米材料的制备及其生物医学应用的研究

Study on the Preparation of Multi-functional ZIF-8 Nanomaterial and Biomedical Applications

沸石咪唑骨架(ZIF-8)是一种多功能纳米材料,可以包封多种生物分子(如蛋白质、肽、多糖等),利用不同基团对其表面进行修饰可以使其更好地作用于肿瘤细胞、病毒或细菌,这些优势使其在生物医学方面得到广泛应用。笔者讨论了ZIF-8的结构、合成方法以及具体分类;并介绍了ZIF-8在生物医学方面的应用,包括:生物治疗、生物成像和生物抗菌等领域。包封了药物的ZIF-8可通过光热疗法(PTT)、化学动力疗法(CDT)、基因疗法或多模态协同治疗等方式来提升癌症治疗效果,同时降低毒副作用;包封了造影剂的ZIF-8便于在肿瘤部位的成像包括:核磁成像、荧光成像、光声成像等;包封了抗菌剂的ZIF-8与游离的抗菌剂相比具有更优异的活性。最后对其在生物医学方面所拥有的发展前景进行展望,评估了其作为近几年兴起的新型纳米材料所面临的潜在挑战。

Zeolite imidazole framework(ZIF-8)is a multifunctional nanomaterial that can encapsulate many kinds of biomolecules(such as protein,peptide,polysaccharide,etc.).The modification of the surface with different groups can make it act better on tumor cells,viruses or bacteria,and these advantages make it widely used in biomedicine.The author discusses the structure,synthesis and classification of ZIF-8 and introduces its biomedical applications,including biological therapy,biological imaging and biological antibacterial and other fields.The ZIF-8 encapsulated with drugs can improve the effect of cancer treatment and reduce the toxic and side effects by PIT,CDT,gene therapy or multimodal synergistic therapy.The ZIF-8 encapsulated with contrast agent can be used for imaging of tumor including nuclear magnetic resonance imaging,fluorescence imaging,photoacoustic imaging,etc.Meanwhile,the ZIF—8 coated with antibacterial agent has better activity than free antibacterial agent.Finally,the prospect of its development in biomedicine is prospected,and its potential challenge as a new nanomaterial emerging in recent years is also evaluated.