剪花序对丹参生物量分配、花器官生长和药材品质的影响

Effects of Inflorescence Cutting on Biomass Allocation,Floral Organ Growth and Medicinal Quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge.

以一年生丹参为试材,采用对盛花期丹参进行1/3花序长度剪花(CI1/3)、1/2花序长度剪花(CI1/2)和完整花序长度剪花(CITotal)处理,以未剪花序正常生长植株为对照,研究了不同处理对丹参植株生物量的变化、物质分配格局规律及花序生长状况的影响,以期为生产上合理采用疏花措施提供参考依据。结果表明:1/3花序长度剪花处理(CI1/3)显著增加了丹参植株生物量,1/2花序长度剪花处理(CI1/2)和完整花序剪花处理植株生物量无显著变化,不同花序长度剪花处理对植株各器官生物量分配的影响主要表现在处理后28 d内,随着处理后时间的延长,CI1/3根系生物量的累积优势得到体现。剪花处理抑制了丹参花序生长,完整花序剪花处理在14 d后再生花序数持续增多,56 d后于CI1/2的花序数无明显差异。剪花序促进了丹参药材产量增加,对丹参酮类化合物、丹酚酸B含量无显著影响。综上,适度剪花处理可有效控制丹参植株花序再生,利于根系干物质积累,促进增产。

Taking one-year Salvia miltiorrhiza as test material,1/3 inflorescence length clipping(CI1/3),1/2 inflorescence length clipping(CI1/2)and full inflorescence length clipping(CITotal)at full flowering stage were used as a comparison.The effects of different treatments on the changes of plant biomass,material distribution pattern and inflorescence growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza were studied,in order to provide reference for the rational use of flower thinning measures in production.The results showed that,the plant biomass of Salvia miltiorrhiza was significantly increased by 1/3 inflorescence length clipping treatment(CI1/3),while the plant biomass of 1/2 inflorescence length clipping treatment(CI1/2)and whole inflorescence clipping treatment had no significant changes.The effects of different inflorescence length clipping treatment on the biomass allocation of plant organs mainly showed within 28 days after treatment.The cumulative dominance of CI1/3 root biomass was demonstrated.The inflorescence of whole inflorescence increased continuously after 14 days of pruning treatment,and there was no significant difference in the inflorescence number of CI1/2 after 56 days.Cutting inflorescence promoted the yield of Salvia miltiorrhiza,but had no significant effect on the content of tanshinones and salvianolic acid B.In conclusion,moderate flower cutting treatment can effectively control inflorescence regeneration of Salvia miltiorrhiza plants,facilitate root dry matter accumulation and promote yield increase.