基于中医体质辨识的老年综合评估对养老院老年人生活能力及生命质量的影响

Effects of Geriatric Comprehensive Assessment Based on TCM Constitution Identification on Activities of Daily Living and Quality of Life of Elderly People in Nursing Home

目的研究基于中医体质辨识的老年综合评估对养老院老年人生活能力及生命质量的影响。方法选取2018年11月—2020年11月81位入住医院的老年人为此次研究对象,按随机数字表法分为干预组41例和对照组40例,其中对照组采用常规评估及照护,干预组采用基于中医体质辨识的老年综合评估和照护,比较两组干预前、干预2月后生活能力、生命质量、营养状况、精神及心境状态。结果干预前,两组日常生活能力量表(ADL)评分、主观整体营养评估量表(PG-SGA)评分、世界卫生组织生命质量量表(WHO-QOL)各维度评分、简易智力精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评分、老年抑郁量表(GDS)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预2月后,ADL评分较干预前上升(P<0.05),PG-SGA评分较干预下显著降低,与对照组比较,干预组ADL评分显著高,PG-SGA评分显著低(P<0.05);干预组WHO-QOL中生理健康、心理健康、社会关系和周围环境评分较干预前显著升高(P<0.05),与对照组比较,干预组WHO-QOL各维度评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组MMSE、GDS评分较干预前均显著降低(P<0.05),且干预组MMSE、GDS评分显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于中医体质辨识的老年综合评估可有效提高养老院老年人日常生活能力,改善生命质量和营养状况,并有助于缓解部分老年人精神及心境状态,在老年人照护中应用效果显著。

Objective To study the effects of geriatric comprehensive assessment based on TCM constitution identification on activities of daily living and quality of life of elderly people in the nursing home.Methods Eighty-one elderly people living inthe nursing home were selected as the research subjects between November 2018 and November 2020.They were divided into intervention group(41 cases)and control group(40 cases)according to random number table method.The control group received routine assessment and care,while the intervention group received geriatric comprehensive assessment based on TCM constitution identification and care.Activities of daily living,quality of life,nutritional status,mental and mood states of the two groups were compared before intervention and after 2 months of intervention.Results There was no significant difference in the Activity of Daily Living Scale(ADL)scores,the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment(PG-SGA)scores,the World Health Organisation quality of life(WHO-QOL)scores,the Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE)scoresorthe Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS)scores between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).After 2 months of intervention,the ADL scores was significantly increased,and the PG-SGA scoreswere significantly reduced(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the intervention group had significantly higher ADL scores and significantly lower PG-SGA scores(P<0.05).The scores of physical health,mental health,social relations and surrounding environment in the WHO-QOL were significantly increased(P<0.05),and these scores of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The MMSE scores and GDS scores of the two groups were significantly reduced,and the intervention group had significantly lower scores than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The geriatric comprehensive assessment based on TCM constitution identification can effectively improve activities of daily living,quality of lifeand nutritional status of elderly people in the nursing home,which is conducive toimproving their mental and mood states,with significant effect.