互联网+健康教育在妊娠糖尿病孕妇中的应用评价

Application of internet and health education in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的 探究互联网+健康教育在妊娠糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)孕妇中的应用效果。方法 选取2021年1月至2022年1月于温州医科大学附属第一医院定期产检并分娩的GDM孕妇159例为研究对象,根据入院时间将其分为对照组(n=76)和观察组(n=83)。对照组孕妇采用传统健康教育模式,观察组孕妇采用互联网+健康教育,比较两组孕妇干预前后的血糖指标、自我管理能力及生活方式改变,记录孕妇的围产期相关指标及妊娠结局。结果 干预后4周、8周,观察组孕妇的餐后2h血糖均显著低于对照组,血糖达标率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组孕妇的妊娠糖尿病患者自我管理能力问卷各维度评分及总分、健康促进生活方式量表的GDM相关知识、信念与态度、社会支持、自我管理方法与行为评分及总分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组孕妇的顺产比例显著高于对照组,胎膜早破、产褥期感染和巨大儿发生率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 互联网+健康教育能有效控制GDM孕妇的血糖水平,在提高自我管理能力的同时,促进孕妇向健康生活方式转变,降低不良妊娠结局的发生风险。

Objective To explore the application effect of internet + health education in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A total of 159 pregnant women with GDM who received regular birth check-up and delivered in the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the study objects,and were divided into control group(n=76) and observation group(n=83) according to the time of admission.The control group received traditional health education mode,and the observation group received internet + health education.Blood glucose indexes,self-management ability and lifestyle changes before and after intervention were compared between the two groups of pregnant women,and perinatal related indexes and pregnancy outcomes were recorded.Results At 4 weeks and 8weeks after intervention,2h postprandial blood glucose in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group,and blood glucose compliance rate was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the scores for different domains and total score of self-management ability questionnaire for gestational diabetes mellitus patients,GDM related knowledge,beliefs and attitudes,social support,self-management methods and behavioral scores and total scores of health promoting lifestyle scale in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05).The proportion of vaginal delivery in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group,and the incidence of premature rupture of membranes,puerperal infection and macrosomia were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Internet + health education can effectively control the blood glucose level of pregnant women with GDM,improve the ability of self-management,promote the transformation of pregnant women to a healthy lifestyle,and reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.