中药白鲜皮的本草考证

Herbal Textual Analysis of Dictamni Cortex

[目的]研究本草中记载的中药白鲜皮的基源植物,为深入研究中药白鲜皮提供文献依据。[方法]查阅历代本草书籍,从名称、基源、产地变迁、药用部位、采收时期、功效等进行考证。[结果]历代本草中记载的白鲜可确定为芸香科植物白鲜,但《本草图经》中“江宁府白鲜”附图花序更为密集,《植物名实图考》中“白鲜皮”为一种木本植物;古代本草中对白鲜采收期有所分歧,现代本草认为应“春秋二季采挖,南方于立夏后采挖”。[结论]《本草图经》中“江宁府白鲜”与豆科植物刺果甘草极为相似,应为误用品或误传;《植物名实图考》中“白鲜皮”依据其描述和附图,与五加科植物楤木极为相似,应为误用品或代用品;其产地古时多在河北、四川、山东等地,而今多产于东北地区。

[Objective]The basic plant of Chinese medicine Dictamni cortex recorded in materia medica was studied,and a comprehensive materia medica research was carried out to provide a literature basis for further study of Dictamni cortex.[Method]Consulting materia medica books of the past dynasties,and from the aspects of name,base source,origin change,medicinal parts,harvesting period,efficacy,etc.it was conducted by textual research.[Result]Dictamni cortex recorded in ancient Chinese herbs could be identified as Dictamnus dasycarpus.However,the inflorescences of Jiangningfu Dictamni cortex in Materia Medica Tujing were more dense.In Illustrations of Plants it was a woody plant.Ancient materia medica differed on the harvesting date of Dictamni cortex,while modern materia medica believed that it should be mined in the spring and autumn two seasons,and mined in the south after the beginning of summer.[Conclusion]Jiangningfu Dictamni cortex in Materia Medica Tujing was very similar to Glycyrrhiza pallidiflora.It should be misused or misreported.Dictamni cortex in Illustrations of Plants was very similar to Aralia elata,according to the description and the attached drawings.It should be a misuse or substitute.Its origin in ancient times in Hebei,Sichuan,Shandong and other places,and now more produced in the northeast region.