基于“治虚三本”理论探讨艾滋病虚证的中医治疗思路

Exploring TCM Treatment Thinking of AIDS Deficiency Syndrome Based on Theory of “Treating Deficiency”

艾滋病虚证是指在艾滋病患者的病变过程中出现的具有虚证特点的一类中医证候的统称,可伴随艾滋病病情发展的全过程,以中后期较为多见,其具有本虚表实、虚实夹杂等特点。目前,对于艾滋病虚证的认识和证治,不同医家认识不一,作者结合中医脏腑辨证理论,发现艾滋病虚证多涉及肺、脾、肾三脏。“治虚三本”理论源自明末著名医家汪绮石(以下简称汪氏)所著的《理虚元鉴》一书,即:治虚有三本,肺、脾、肾是也。从中医脏腑角度出发,汪氏这一理论与艾滋病虚证的特点有契合之处,因此,对艾滋病虚证的治疗具有一定的指导意义。文章通过分析“治虚三本”的理论内涵,阐述艾滋病虚证的临床特点,联系艾滋病的治疗现状,结合汪氏的治虚理念,提出了“清金保肺,从肺调治艾滋病”“培土调中,从脾调治艾滋病”“辨别阴阳,从肾调治艾滋病”的学术观点,丰富了中医药治疗艾滋病虚证的理论基础,为运用中医药辨治艾滋病虚证提供了新的临床思路。

Deficiency syndrome of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS) refers to the general name of a class of TCM syndromes with the characteristics of deficiency syndrome that appear in the pathological process of AIDS patients.It can accompany the whole process of the development of AIDS disease, and is more common in the middle and late stages.It has the characteristics of deficiency in origin and excess in appearance, and deficiency and excess mixed together.At present, different physicians have different understandings of the deficiency syndrome of AIDS and its treatment.The author has found that the deficiency syndrome of AIDS mostly involves lung, spleen and kidney combined with the theory of Zang-Fu organs syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine.The theory of “three treatments for deficiency” originates from Lixu Yuanjian written by WANG Qishi(hereinafter referred to as WANG′s),a famous doctor at the end of the Ming Dynasty, that is, there are three treatments for deficiency, including lung, spleen and kidney.From the perspective of Zang-Fu organs in traditional Chinese medicine, WANG′s theory has something in common with the characteristics of AIDS deficiency syndrome, so it has certain guiding significance for the treatment of AIDS deficiency syndrome.By analyzing the theoretical connotation of “three bases for treating deficiency syndrome”,the article expounded the clinical characteristics of AIDS deficiency syndrome, linked the current situation of AIDS treatmentand combined WANG′s concept of treating deficiency, putforward the academic viewpoints of “clearing and protecting lung, regulating AIDS from lung”,“cultivating the earth and regulating AIDS from spleen” and “distinguishing Yin and Yang, regulating AIDS from kidney”,which enrich the theoretical basis of traditional Chinese medicine treating AIDS deficiency syndrome.It provides a new clinical idea for the use of traditional Chinese medicine to treat AIDS deficiency syndrome.