适用于道钉通信的V形缝隙天线的设计

Design of V-shaped slot antenna for road nail communication

设计了一种2.45 GHz频段下用于铸铝道钉通信的V形缝隙天线。天线尺寸为60 mm×40 mm,是依据道钉壳体内腔大小而设计的,且基板侧壁用铜皮包裹,起到电磁波能量向顶面汇聚的作用。天线顶面辐射贴片紧贴道钉的太阳能电池板,四周缩进基板边缘3 mm,电磁波能量可从电池板缝隙有效辐射出去。在辐射贴片的一条对角线上开对称的V形槽,在另一条对角线附近引入对称的2根短路探针,降低了天线的谐振频率,同时减小了天线的尺寸。天线工作频段为2.42~2.47 GHz,制作天线样机,通过无线通信模块测试,该天线在距离地面1 m高时,通信距离为66 m,在铸铝道钉腔体内且紧贴地面放置时,通信距离为35 m,超越现有道钉产品通信距离,符合实际工程应用需求。

A V-shaped slot antenna for cast aluminum spike communication at 2.45GHz is designed.The antenna size is 60 mm×40 mm,which is designed according to the size of the inner cavity of the spike shell,and the side wall of the substrate is wrapped with copper skin,which plays the role of electromagnetic wave energy converging to the top.The radiation patch on the top of the antenna is close to the solar cell plate of the spike,and shrinks into the edge of the substrate 3 mm.The electromagnetic wave energy can be effectively radiated from the gap of the battery plate.A symmetrical V-shaped slot is opened on one diagonal of the radiation patch,and two symmetrical short-circuit probes are introduced near the other diagonal,which reduces the resonant frequency and the size of the antenna.The working frequency band of the antenna is 2.42~2.47 GHz,and the antenna prototype is made.The communication distance of the antenna is 66 m when it is 1 m high from the ground by wireless communication module test.The communication distance is 35 m when it is placed in the cast aluminum spike cavity and close to the ground,which exceeds the communication distance of the existing spike products and conforms to the actual engineering application requirements.