甘孜州三县棘球蚴病既往患者及其家属腹部B超和血清学检查结果分析

Analysis of adbominal B-ultrasound and serological examination results of patients with echinococcosis and their families in three endemic areas of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

目的 了解甘孜州棘球蚴病流行地区石渠县、甘孜县和白玉县的患病情况,为制定棘球蚴病精准防控方案提供依据。方法 于2019—2021年分别对石渠县、甘孜县和白玉县的棘球蚴病患者及其家属进行调查,记录性别、年龄、职业、文化程度等信息,对患者及其家属进行腹部B超和血清学检查。采用卡方检验对率进行比较,检验水准为α=0.05。结果在3县的35个乡镇开展研究,共纳入1 209人进行腹部B超检查。检出阳性病人989名,其中多房棘球蚴病患者占60.71%,细粒棘球蚴病患者占26.87%;患者年龄介于6~92岁;女性患者占61.09%;牧民和文盲患者分别占77.15%、78.97%。结论在棘球蚴病流行县,多房棘球蚴病患者占比较大,患者以女性、牧民为主,且文化程度较低,应对这部分人群密切检测,做到精准化防控。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of echinococcosis in the endemic areas(Shiqu County,Ganzi County and Baiyu County) of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,so as to provide a basis for formulating precise measures to prevent and control echinococcosis.Methods Patients with echino coccosis and their families were investigated in Shiqu County,Ganzi County and Baiyu County from 2019 to 2021.Gender,age,occupation,education level and other information were recorded.Ultrasonographic imaging and serological tests were applied to diagnose echinococcosis.Rates were compared using the Chi-square test at a significance level of 0.05.Results A total of 35 townships in three counties were investigated.Totally,1 209 people were included in abdominal B-ultrasound examination,and 989 positive patients were detected.Among them,60.71% were alveolar echinococcosis and 26.87% were cystic echinococcosis.Patients ranged in age from 7 to 92 years old.Most cases were females(61.09%).Herdsmen and illiterate patients accounted for 77.15% and 78.97%,respectively.Conclusions In the endemic counties of echinococcosis,the proportion of patients with alveolar echinococcosis was larger.Most of the infected individuals were women and herdsmen,and their education level was low.Therefore,targeted measures should be adopted to prevent and control echinococcosis.