虚假诉讼罪“捏造事实”司法认定研究

Research on the Judicial Determination of"Fabricated Facts"for the False Litigation Crime

自虚假诉讼入刑以来,司法实务对如何认定“捏造事实”莫衷一是。根据司法解释规定,“捏造”的对象应当是能够影响法院立案决定且构成一定法律关系的法律事实。依据民事诉讼法理,起诉人的主张事实在经过法律要件的筛选后成为要件事实并构建起该案的实质法律关系,而虚假诉讼对事实的捏造亦是通过同样的流程影响了整个诉。因此可以法律关系为分析框架,以要件事实为基本要素,从而找到实务认定虚假诉讼罪“捏造事实”的基本规则。

Since the criminalization of false litigation,judicial practice has been uncertain about how to determine"fabricated facts".According to the judicial interpretation,the object of"fabrication"should be the legal facts that can influence the court's decision to file a case and constitute a certain legal relationship.According to the jurisprudence of civil procedure,the facts claimed by the plaintiff become the essential facts after being screened by the legal elements and the substantive legal relationship of the case is constructed,and the fabrication of facts by false litigation also affects the entire litigation through the same process.Therefore,the legal relationship can be used as the analytical framework and the essential facts as the basic elements,so as to find the basic rules for determining the"fabricated facts"of the crime of false litigation in practice.