2003-2017年山东省土壤蒸发量时空变化特征

Spatial-temporal characteristics of soil evaporationin Shandong Province from 2003 to 2017

基于2003—2017年土壤蒸发数据,使用反距离插值、Mann-Kendall检验、线性趋势和相关分析等方法对山东省土壤蒸发量的时空变化特征及其影响因素进行了分析.结果表明:2003—2017年,山东省年均土壤蒸发量整体上呈显著(P<0.05)减少趋势,速率为-3.28 mm/a,其中春季土壤蒸发量减少速率最大,为-2.22 mm/a(P<0.05),秋季(-0.65 mm/a)和冬季(-0.57 mm/a)的减少速率相近,而夏季土壤蒸发量呈增加趋势,速率为0.18 mm/a.空间上,以山东北部沿海和西南部分地区的土壤蒸发量减少趋势最为显著,而山东省中部增加趋势明显.春冬季土壤蒸发受降水量和地表水资源量的影响较大,夏季主要受相对湿度的影响,而秋季主要与地表水资源量变化有关.研究结果对明确土壤水循环变化特征以及指导农业生产和管理具有重要的意义.

Based on the soil evaporation data from 2003 to 2017,the spatial-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of soil evaporation in Shandong Province were analyzed by inverse distance interpolation,Mann-Kendall test,linear trend and correlation analysis.The results show that the average annual soil evaporation in Shandong province showed a significant(P<0.05)decreasing trend from 2003 to 2017,with a rate of-3.28 mm/a.The decrease rate of soil evaporation was the highest in spring,which was-2.22 mm/a(P<0.05),the decrease rate in autumn(-0.65 mm/a)and winter(-0.57 mm/a)was similar,and the increase rate was 0.18mm/a in summer.Spatially,evaporation decreased most significantly in the coastal areas of northern Shandong province and some areas of southwest Shandong Province,while it increased significantly in the central Shandong Province.Soil evaporation was mainly affected by precipitation and surface water resources in spring and winter,relative humidity in summer,and surface water resources in autumn.The results are of great significance for clarifying the characteristics of soil water cycle and guiding agricultural production and management.