明清北京皇家粮仓建筑功能要求及形制特征研究——以南新仓为例

Study on the Functional Requirements and Form Characteristics of the Imperial Granary in Beijing in Ming and Qing Dynasties:Taking Nanxincang Warehouse as an Example

在古建筑发展演变过程中,建筑形制的诸多改变大多是基于建筑功能的需要。在研究中国古代粮仓建筑历史演进的基础上,对明清北京皇家粮仓建筑功能进行系统归纳,分析以南新仓为代表的明清北京皇家粮仓的隔热防火、采光通风、防水防潮等建筑功能,分析粮仓建筑功能需求在外观、体量、举高、朝向等方面对皇家粮仓建筑形制的影响。

In the process of development and evolution of ancient buildings,many changes in architectural form are mostly based on the needs of architectural function.On the basis of studying the historical evolution of ancient granary buildings in China,the architectural functions of the imperial granary in Beijing in Ming and Qing dynasties are summarized systematically,and the buildings of the imperial granary in Beijing in Ming and Qing dynasties are analysed,such as heat insulation,fire prevention,lighting and ventilation,waterproof and moisture-proof,etc.And the influence of the architectural functional requirements of the granary on the architectural form of the royal granary is analysed in terms of appearance,volume,height,orientation,etc.