2015—2019年新疆兵团第八师艾滋病流行病学特征分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS in Eighth Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from 2015 to 2019

目的 分析2015—2019年新疆生产建设兵团(简称兵团)第八师艾滋病疫情流行病学特征,为当地政府制定防疫决策提供依据。方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中导出2015—2019年兵团第八师新报告的艾滋病患者资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析其分布特征。结果 2015—2019年第八师共新报告艾滋病病例224例,石河子市报告病例数(179例、占79.91%)明显多于其他地区,不同地区差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=40.261,P<0.05);报告男性191例(85.27%)、女性33例(14.73%),男女性别比5.79∶1;病例以20~49岁青壮年为多、占61.61%,其次是60岁及以上人群、占19.64%;传播途径以性传播为主、占97.32%,其中异性传播占81.25%、同性传播占16.51%;职业以离退休人员及工人较多、占31.25%,其次为家属/待业人员、占26.34%。结论 近年新疆兵团第八师艾滋病疫情呈低流行态势,但随着启动扩大检测工作,新报告病例逐渐增多;应采取因地施策、因人施教的防控对策,重点对青壮年、老年群体及同性人群做好健康干预,减少艾滋病感染。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS epidemic in the 8th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(Corps for short) from 2015 to 2019, and provide basis for local government to formulate the strategy decision of epidemic prevention. Methods The data of HIV/AIDS patients newly reported by the 8th Division of Corps were obtained from China Disease Control and Prevention Information System, 2015 to 2019, and the demographic characteristics were analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological methods. Results A total of 224 new cases with HIV/AIDS were reported in the 8th Division of Corps from 2015 to 2019. Of which, The number of cases in Shihezi city was 179cases, with the proportion of 79.91%, and was higher than that in other regions, and there was statistical difference(χ^(2)=40.261, P<0.05) in the proportion of different regions. There were 191 male cases, accounting for 85.27%, and 33 female cases, accounting for 14.73%, with the ratio of the male to the female of 5.79∶1. The cases was mainly in the young adult group with the age of 20-49 years, accounting for 61.61%, then in the aged group of 60 years and above, accounting for 19.64%. The sexual transmission was dominant and accounted for 97.32% in the routes of transmission, with the proportion of heterosexual transmission of 81.25% and homosexual transmission of 16.51%. Most cases were retirees and workers,accounting for 31.25%, then followed by housework/unemployed persons, accounting for 26.34%. Conclusions The epidemic of HIV/AIDS shows low prevalence in the 8th Division of Corps in recent years. But the newly reported cases are gradually increasing, with the start of expanding testing. The measures for prevention and control should be carried out as the specific local conditions and individualized education. The intervention for health should be focused on the young adults,elderly and homosexual population for decreasing the infection of HIV/AIDS.