法庭科学STR检验的标准物质体系

The Reference Materials System of Forensic Science STR Typing

在法庭科学领域推进相关有证标准物质的研制和应用,对建设DNA分析的标准化体系具有重要意义。当前不断涌现新的DNA检验方法,并迅速应用于刑事案件调查,现行方法的有效性和准确性需要标准物质开展认证与验证。DNA STR(short tandem repeat)分型检验是当前法庭科学进行个体身份识别和亲缘关系判断的主要依据,有证DNA标准物质是实现不同实验室间信息资源共享,保障STR分型结果准确可比的标尺。概述了STR检验技术及其过程中使用的国内外标准品和标准物质,并对我国构建STR检验的标准物质体系提出了建议和展望。

Strengthening the development and application of related certified reference material is of great significance for the establishment of the standard system for DNA analysis in forensic science.At present,new methods for STR typing are constantly emerging and rapidly applied to help in criminal case investigations.The validity and accuracy of existing methods are being challenged.DNA STR typing test is the main basis for individual identification and genetic identification in forensic science now,and the applicable DNA certified reference materials are the standards,enabling the realization of source sharing,as well as accuracy and comparison of DNA STR typing among laboratories.Here,STR typing technology,the standard substances and reference material used in the STR typing process are summarized,and suggestions and prospects for the construction of the standard material system for STR typing in the forensic science are put forward.