成长·超越·启悟——论吴趼人《恨海》的现代寓言

Growth,Transcendence and Enlightenment——On the Modern Allegory of Wu Zhaoren s Hen Hai

吴趼人的《恨海》将女性主人公张棣华放置于动荡时局的前幕,并在其成长蜕变中揭示出心灵幽微面——内心相互对峙、相互胶着的矛盾状态,以及其“羞耻”与“自怨”心理势力由冲突角逐到逐渐合流的过程。《恨海》所演绎的自我意识的萌发与消亡,看似最终规训于传统思想道德法则之下,实质上也暗含超越现实层面的意义,反映出作者对“情”与“理”和谐共生的理想愿景。小说最后张棣华遁入空门的结局设定,也潜在蕴含着吴趼人个人对拯救晚清的自觉意识,具有现代性特质,显现出晚清文学众声喧哗的不同面向。

Wu Jianren s Hen Hai puts Zhang Dihua in the forefront of the turbulent times,and reveals the subtle side of the soul in her growth and transformation——the contradictory state of internal confrontation and mutual adhesion,as well as the process of her"shame"and"self hatred"psychological forces from conflict to confluence.The emergence and demise of self-consciousness deduced in Hen Hai seems to be finally disciplined under the traditional ideological and moral laws.In essence,it also implies the significance of transcending reality,reflecting the author s ideal vision of the harmonious coexistence of"emotion"and"reason".The ending setting of Zhang Dihua s escape into the empty gate also potentially contains Wu Jianren s personal consciousness of rescuing the late Qing Dynasty.It has modern characteristics,which also shows the different aspects of the noise of the late Qing literature.